Current Approaches and Unmet Needs in Unresectable, Nonmetastatic HCC

Stephen Lam Chan, MBBS, MD, FRCP, FHKCP, FHKAM, and Gonzalo Cantis, MD, review the current treatment paradigm for patients with unresectable, nonmetastatic hepatocellular carcinoma, where locoregional therapies remain central. Chan emphasizes the limitations of transarterial approaches alone, including incomplete responses and high recurrence rates, particularly in patients with larger or multifocal tumors. Cantis highlights persistent unmet needs, including strategies to improve response depth, prolong disease control, and expand the proportion of patients eligible for potentially curative interventions.