Caroline Seymour

Robert Dreicer, MD, discusses the optimal use of checkpoint inhibitors in urothelial carcinoma.

Conflicting results regarding the benefit of adjuvant CDK4/6 inhibition in early-stage hormone receptor–positive, HER2-negative breast cancer have prompted many questions regarding patient selection and treatment duration, which many hope will be answered with ongoing biomarker research.

Axel Grothey, MD, discusses the potential applications for ctDNA in CRC and shed light on the updated analysis from the pivotal IMbrave150 trial in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.

Somatic KMT2A rearrangements, RAS/MAPK mutations, RUNX1 and TP53 alterations, and MECOM overexpression were all found to be common oncogenic drivers of pediatric therapy-related myeloid neoplasms, arising predominantly after exposure to cytotoxic therapy and identifiable at least 1 year prior to morphologic evidence of neoplasm.

Data from the phase 3 CheckMate-9ER trial has not only confirmed the advantage of cabozantinib plus nivolumab in terms of progression-free survival, overall survival, and responses vs sunitinib in the frontline treatment of patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma, but it has served as additional incentive to push the needle even further with research aimed at evaluating triplet regimens in the frontline setting and response-guided sequencing strategies.

Combinations of checkpoint inhibitors and VEGF TKIs, as well as dual checkpoint blockade, are affording patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma greater potential for disease control and deep, long-lasting responses, underscoring the need for biomarkers of response to combination regimens and single-agent TKIs, the latter of which still play a role for select populations.

The frontline combination of nivolumab and ipilimumab plus 2 cycles of chemotherapy demonstrated an improvement in overall survival vs chemotherapy alone in patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer regardless of tumor mutational burden status in the tissue or blood.

Dostarlimab demonstrated durable antitumor activity in patients with mismatch repair deficient and MMR proficient endometrial cancer, regardless of investigator assessment or blinded independent central review and immune-related RECIST or RECIST v1.1 criteria.

Although the genetic makeup of biliary tract cancer is rich, only recently has the field been able to show the benefit of treating patients with effective targeted agents, such as pemigatinib and ivosidenib in the advanced setting.

The combination of atezolizumab and bevacizumab is the clear frontline standard of care for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma without contraindications.

The 3 most common types of amyloidosis––TTR mutant, TTR wild-type, and amyloid light chain––have a significant amount of cardiac involvement, making cardiologists essential players in the diagnostic workup and treatment of these patients

CA-125 surveillance alone could be used to detect disease progression in patients with advanced ovarian cancer and an abnormal CA-125 level at the beginning of frontline maintenance therapy with olaparib and bevacizumab, according to an analysis from the phase 3 PAOLA-1.

Richard S. Finn, MD, discusses the data with pembrolizumab and nivolumab that support their utility in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Brexucabtagene autoleucel displayed significant and durable responses and a reduction in adverse effects in patients with relapsed/refractory mantle cell lymphoma.

Robert Wenham, MD, MS, FACOG, FACS, discusses the basis for combining chemotherapy, PARP inhibitors, and VEGF inhibitors with immunotherapy in ovarian cancer and ongoing research with ADCs in the field.

Janakiraman Subramanian, MD, discusses the depth and durability of responses that have been reported with selpercatinib and pralsetinib, as well as ongoing research focused on improving outcomes and overcoming resistance mechanisms in RET fusion–positive NSCLC.

Aditya Bardia, MD, MPH, discusses the integration of ADCs and immunotherapy into the treatment landscape in metastatic TNBC and the future of AKT inhibitors in the field.

Lara A. Kujtan, MD, discusses the data that support the current utility of osimertinib in EGFR-mutant NSCLC and where else it is currently being explored.

Tony Philip, MD, provides insight into the utility of ctDNA in the early-stage setting, trials that could determine its role in clinical practice, and detailed the shift toward nonoperative and less-intensive interventions in the early-stage and advanced settings, respectively.

Cathy Eng, MD, FACP, FASCO, and Jordan D. Berlin, MD discuss pressing questions in hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, neuroendocrine tumors, and pancreatic cancer.

Olaparib and talazoparib failed to demonstrate statistically significant improvements in overall survival compared with chemotherapy in pretreated patients with BRCA1/2-mutant metastatic HER2-negative breast cancer. However, the results are unlikely to affect the drugs’ utility in practice, given that both agents continue to show favorable tolerability and disease control

CDK4/6 inhibitors plus aromatase inhibitors have shown benefit as frontline treatment for patients with hormone receptor–positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer, but more data are needed to determine their role as adjuvant therapy before they are adopted into standard practice for patients with early-stage disease.

The KATHERINE, FeDeriCa, DESTINY-Breast01, and HER2CLIMB trials have changed practice for patients with HER2-positive breast cancer for the better.

Targeted DNA sequencing prior to transplant can be used to determine which patients with myelodysplastic syndrome are at high risk for posttransplant relapse and should forego reduced-intensity conditioning in lieu of myeloablative conditioning.

Darolutamide plus ADT will be evaluated versus ADT alone in patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer in the phase 3 ARANOTE study as part Bayer and Orion Corporation’s growing clinical development program for the oral AR inhibitor in prostate cancer.

The practice-changing treatment regimens that were evaluated in the pivotal KATHERINE, HER2CLIMB, and DESTINY-Breast01 trials in women with HER2-positive breast cancer are pushing the needle forward in making this breast cancer subtype a chronic disease.

Although it is too soon to tell whether the addition of a CD20-directed antibody to novel agents in relapsed/refractory follicular lymphoma should become standard practice, it is clear that immunotherapy could represent the next paradigm shift.

Rituximab plus CHOP is not a suitable frontline treatment regimen for all patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, explained Andre H. Goy, MD, who specified that patients with a high-risk International Prognostic Index, elderly patients, and patients with high-risk molecular subtypes require alternative treatment.

Since the publication of the pivotal ELIANA trial in pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the field of CAR T-cell therapy has grown significantly and left providers better equipped to understand and manage treatment-related adverse effects, such as cytokine release syndrome.

Fixed-duration treatment that leads to deep treatment-free remissions has become the prioritized strategy for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, made possible by agents such as venetoclax, umbralisib, and lisocabtagene maraleucel.